Mistakes are inevitable regardless of the grading company as human error can occur at any point, especially when bad actors figure out very convincing ways to replicate alternate versions of cards using a completely authentic card as a base (your 1st ed example).
But I think the main difference here is that CGC have now repeatedly demonstrated that they have a lower standard of what constitutes ‘evidence of authenticity’ than PSA, and generally have a much lower bar of integrity as a business (see: e4 astroturfing and Prerelease Raichu) than PSA. Whereas when the evidence is sketchy at best, PSA will refuse to authenticate, CGC will jump at the opportunity if they believe it will advance their prestige or credibility as a grading house. To unashamedly quote myself: CGC would grade a dog turd if Ishihara told them it came from a Houndour.